Loom.



J. PRIBORSKY. LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15,1910.

977,898. Patented Dec. 6, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES. IN l/EN T05,

Jim/mgr.

ms NORRIS PEYERS cc WASHINGTON, n c

J. PRIBORSKY.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1910.

977,898. Patented Dec. 6,1910

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

' 83 v Iliad]. o O

WITNESSES:

THE NORRIS Paws-vs co., WASHINGTON, c

J..PRIBORSKY.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1910.

977,898. Patented De0.6,1910.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

WITNESSES.

7);: NoRRls PETERS co wAsHlNaIpM.

JULIUS PRIBORSKY, 0F PASSAIC, NEW JERSEY.

LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 6, 191@.

Application filed June 15, 1910. Serial No. 586,960.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULIUs Pnnaossin subject of the King of Bohemia, residmg in Passaic, Passaic county, New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Tmprovement in Looms; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawingsand to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to looms, and particularly to looms adapted for the weaving of wire and similar fabrics, and it consists in certain improvements having for their objects to increase the efficiency of looms of this general kind, facilitate the control and operation thereof and improve the quality of the goods woven.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the improved loom; Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof; Fig. 3 a rear elevation of a fragment of the loom and Fig. l a side elevation of what appears in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a plan view of a series of controlling levers and their accessories, parts of which latter appear in section; Fig. 6 shows in side elevation the breast beam, the clothbeam and a pressure means coacting with the cloth-beam; Figs. 7 and 8 are plan and longitudinal sectional views of the shuttle; Fig. 9 is a detail view, partly in section, of the means for adjusting the position of the lay-structure; Fig. 10 is a detail view of a part of the weft-tightening mechanism; Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a part of the harness; and, Fig. 12 is a front elevation of certain parts appearing in Fig. 11.

In the frame to, whose portion 1) overhangs at the front of the loom the breast beam 0, are journaled the warp-beam (Z and the cloth-beam 6, these parts being in sub stantially the usual disposition. The shaft of the warp-beam (Z carries at one end thereof the worm-wheel 7, while the shaft of the cloth-beam e carries at the corresponding end thereof the gear g.

h is a horizontal shaft journaled in the frame at right angles to the shafts of the beams cl and e, and it carries a worm i meshing with the worm-wheel f and, at its front end, a ratchet j with which engages a pawl it carried on a crank Z secured on the front end of a shaft m which is journaled in the frame above and parallel with shaft h. The gear 9 meshes with a gear a fixed on the inner end of a shaft 0 which is journaled in the frame and on which, at its outer end, is fixed a ratchet 72. On the shaft 0 is freely revoluble a drum g carrying a gear 1 and having a pawl s engaging the ratchet. Around the drum is wound one end of a rope, wire or cable 6, the other end of which is extended up over a pulley u and carries a weight or weights o. The parts a, 0, 7), g, 7, s, t, u and o are duplicated at the side of the loom opposite to that shown in Fig. 2, all of them appearing at the right in Fig. 1. The action of gravity on the weight or weights 1), through the ropes, cables or wires t, tends to turn the cloth-beam e in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2, thereby winding the fabric A on the cloth beam. The warps B, moreover, being wound on the warp-beam d, and the rotation of said warpbeam being prevented by the nature of the gearing (f and connecting said warpbeam with the shaft 7, the weights 0 tend to preserve the necessary tension on the fabric A and warps B, the advance of which as the weaving progresses therefore depends on the rotation of shaft h which is accom plished intermittently from shaft m, through pawl 70 and ratchet j, in the manner to be described. The breast-beam c carries a knife-edge w which tends to flatten out the fabric, the closing effect being augmented by the otherwise cylindrical form of the breast-beam (Fig. 6). The cloth-beam has a longitudinal recess in provided with hooks 3 with which are engaged, in the usual manner, a rod .2, which is suitably attached to the front end of the fabric. In Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 are shown two pressure rolls 2 each journaled in a bellcrank lever 3 fulcrumed on a stub-shaft 4: and carrying a weight 5, the function of which parts will appear later.

The lay structure comprises a suspended frame 6 carrying at its lower end the batten or lay proper T in which are arranged the reed S and the shuttle boxes 9, one at each end of the lay. Sliding pickers 10 are ar ranged in these boxes, each being guided by a projection 11 entering a longitudinal slot 12 in the front of the box and being pressed outwardly (toward the adjoining end of the lay) by a suitable spring 13. An adjustable strap 14 is connected to each picker 10, the inner ends of the straps being attached to an intermediate point of the frame 6. By imparting blows alternately to the straps 14. as by the hand or a club, the shuttle 15 is reciproeated across the batten 7. The frame 6 comprises a beam 16 in the laterally projecting ends of which are arranged the bearing points 17 which form fulcra for the lay structure and each of which is seated in a recessed bearing block 18 which may be adjusted, upon releasing the securing screws 19, backward and forward on the horizontal top surfaces of the portions Z) of the frame a. Each portion Z) is horizontally slotted, as at 20 (Fig. 9) and in this slot is guided a stem 21 which may be moved longitudinally and carries a lug 22 received by a recess 23 in the under side of the corresponding block 18. In a bearing 24, held adjustably in the front end of each portion Z) by the screws 25, is journaled the internally threaded nut 26 which receives the outer threaded end of the stem 21 and has fixed upon it a hand-wheel 27. Upon rotating the hand-wheel 27 the lay stinicture may be adjusted forward and back and also so that it will stand in perfect parallelism with the fell of the cloth. The lay-structure 6 may be held back in the inclined position shown in Fig. 2 by a hook 28 suspended from. a fixed beam 29 in the upper part of the frame, the said hook being engaged with another hook 30 on the lay-structure just above the reed.

The forward and backward movements of the batten are controlled by the weavers hand, assisted by his foot, in the manner to be described. at one end, the beam 16 of the lay structure carries a rearwardly projecting arm 31 from the rear end of which, on a universal joint 32, is suspended a pitman which is connected at its lower end, by a universal joint 34, with a crank 35. Thus, as the lay-structure reciprocates, shaft 91?. is oscillated and so causes the intermittent advance of the warp-beam d, of course, as fast as the warp is paid out the slack is immediately taken up by the weights 1), in the manner already described. When the weights approach the floor, which condition is indicated to the weaver by an automatic alarm to be described, they may be raised again by applying a crank 36 over a stub-shaft 37 projecting from the side of the loom, the crank having a pinion 38 which will mesh with the gear 1 and may be employed to rotate the gear 9 backwardly, the pawl s clicking over the ratchet p. The crank or key 36 is shown in dotted outline in Fig. 2.

In Figs. 7 and 8 the shuttle 15 has a cavity 40 for the bobbin 41 carrying the weft or filling l, the filling being discharged through a projecting bow 42 at the front of the shuttle. The bobbin is journaled on a spindle 43 which is entered (carrying the bobbin) into the cavity 40 by first inserting one end in the bearing 43 and then the other end in the bearing 44; when the end of the spindle enters the bearing 43 it presses against a spiral spring 45 (held under tension by a screw 46 tapped into the recess 47 which receives the spring) and as soon as the opposite end of the pin is opposed to the bearing 44 and the pin is now released, said spring forces it into and thereupon holds it in the bearing 44. In order to insure perfect freedom of movement of the shuttle over the lay or batten it is provided with anti-friction bearing means as follows: Near-each end it has a vertical opening 48 in which on a horizontal axis 49 is fulcrumed a U-shaped yoke 50 carrying a roller 51 protruding at the bottom of the shuttle. An angular plate spring 52, bearing down upon an elastic pad 53, holds the yoke 50 yieldingly in the position shown in Fig. 8.

After each flight of the shuttle it is desirable, especially when the weft is of wire, to tighten the weft. To this end, 54 is a short shaft journaled in the lay under each box 9 and carrying at its forward end a block 55 and at its rear end a crank 56. In the block is adjustably arranged a finger 57 which, after the shuttle has entered the corresponding box, is caused to rise in the rotation of shaft 54), projecting itself between the shuttle and the filling back of the bow 42 and in its movement wipin across the bow and thus drawing the wert or filling taut.

The movements of shaft 54 are automatically effected as follows: A stem 58 has a ball-and-socketconnection 59 with a fixed part of the frame a, being suspended; its lower threaded end carries a stirrup 60 provided with opposite bearing pins 61 engaging diametrically the head 62 on the crank 56. Thus, when the batten moves forward to beat up the filling, since the centers of movement of the stems 58 are below and back of the fulcra of the lay structure, the already described rising movements of the fingers are produced.

Describing now the harness; 63 designates brackets suspended from the beam 29 and forming bearings for two shafts 64, 64 provided with pulleys 65, 65. Over these pulleys extend the straps 66, 66, each having at each end a hook 67 67. By means of the couplings 68 two shafts of harness 69 are suspended from the hooks 67; by means of the coupling 68 two other harness shafts 69 are suspended from the hooks 67. The arrangement is such that when one of the shafts 69 (69) rises the other will fall. Under each pair of shafts 69 and 69' is arranged, in brackets 70 secured to the floor, a rock shaft 71, (71) having double cranks 72 (72). To the opposite ends of each crank are pivotally connected the stems 73 (78) each having its upper portion threaded and its extremity squared. The threaded portion of each of the stems 73 (73) is screwed into the plate 74: of a stirrup 75 which is substantially U-shaped in form and is suspended, by means of a link 76, from the corresponding shaft 69 (69). A keeper plate 77 is penetrated by and arranged to slide vertcially on the Ushaped portion of the stirrup 75, the same having a squared hole 78 to receive the squared extremity of the corresponding stem 73 (78). The keeper plate normally prevents the rotation of the stirrup on the stem, thereby preserving the adjustment; by raising the plate and disengaging the stirrup from the crank 76 adjustment may be effected, as will be obvious.

Each shaft 71, (71) carries two pulleys 79 (79) around which in opposite directions are extended the straps 80 (80). The four straps 80 and 80 are extended over pulleys 81 journaled on a. shaft 82 fixed in the brackets 88 resting on the floor, the ends of the straps being attached to levers 84 and 84:, respectively, which are suitably ful crumed at their rear ends and have their forward ends projecting within the reach of the operators foot. If one of the levers 84 (84) is depressed, it will be obvious that one of the two shafts of harness 69 (69) will rise and the other fall; the reverse movement of said shafts will be effected upon depressing the other lever. In order to assist the movement of the harness, an arm 85 (85) is fixed to one end of each shaft 71 (71) in such relation that when the two corresponding shafts of harness are directly opposite each other the arm 85 (85) will project upwardly, perpendicularly to the shaft 71 (71) the arm 85 (85) carries a weight 86 (86) which, when the arm passes the perpendicular, responds to the action of gravity to continue the motion of the shaft.

The backward movement of the lay structure may be assisted, as before stated, by the foot of the operator. To this end 87 is a lever assembled with the group of levers 84 and 84c and having attached to it a strap 88 extending over a pulley 89 journaled on shaft 82, the said strap being extended around and fixed to a drum 90 on a shaft 91. Extending around the drum 90 in the opposite direction is a strap 92 whose free end is attached to a tail-piece 93 depending from the batten. The depression of the lever 87 will obviously operate through the mechanism just described to draw the batten back.

94 is an auxiliary warp-beam for a warp D of cotton or other fibrous material which in some characters of wire fabrics it is desirable to incorporate in the fabric.

95 is a strap carrying weights 96 and passed around the beam 94, serving to control its release.

The warp may be wound on the beam (Z all at once or in sections. In the first instance the operation may be accomplished by employing a crank 97 to rotate a shaft 98 which is journaled in a bracket 99 and carries a sprocket 100 around which and a sprocket 101 an endless chain 102 extends. Having disengaged the pawl in from the ratchet 7' the beam (Z may be rotated backwardly from the crank 97 through parts 98, 100, 102, 101, 7a, 2' and f to wind the warp on the beam. 1? or winding the warp on the beam in sections I prefer to employ a key 103 (substantially the same as the key 86) which may be applied to a stub-shaft 104 so that its pinion 105 will mesh with a gear 106 on the beam (Z. This mechanism permits the rotation of the warpbeam at a greater speed than that first described, in the use of which power at the expense of speed is required.

In some classes of wire fabrics a false warp wire is woven into the goods at the selvage, it being stiff and therefore serving temporarily to keep the fabric extended laterally. This warp wire may in the present instance be supplied from a spool 107. As this warp wire does not remain in the goods, being removed as the weaving progresses, it leaves open loops in the selvage, and it is for the purpose of flattening the portion of the fabric including these loops that the pressure-rollers 2 are provided.

In order that the weaver may be notified when a warp-wire breaks or either of the weights 1) approximates the limit of its downward movement an electric-alarm mechanism is provided. In Fig. 2, 108 is a sourceof electric energy included in a wire 109 which, at one side of the energy source, leads to one pole of the bell 110 and which at the other side of said energy source is branched, one branch 111 leading to a rod 112 which extends beneath and crosswise of the warps and the other branch 113 terminating in a contact 114. From the other pole of the bell, a wire 115 leads to a rod 116 which rests upon the warps while another wire 117 leads to a pivoted circuit closer 118 adapted to engage the contact 114. Rods 112 and 116 are arranged on and insulated from the frame a. The circuit comprising parts 108, 109, 110, 111,112, 115 and 116 is normally open at the space be tween 112 and 116; but, the warps being all of metal, as well as a guiding roller 119 over which they pass at the back of the loom, should one of the warps break, it will fall upon rod 112, the break in the circuit being closed from rod 112 through the broken warp, roller 119, the main body of warps, and rod 116, sounding the alarm. The cirframe, a vibrating lay-structure comprising a lay proper, means for advancing the warp, means for forming sheds in the warp, a shuttle arranged on the lay proper, means for controlling the shuttle, filling-tightening devices pivotally movable in the lay proper in a vertical plane extending parallel with the length of the lay proper and disposed between the shuttle and the filling, and means for actuating said devices, substantially as described.

2. In a loom, the combination of the frame, a vibrating lay-structure comprising a lay proper, means for advancing the warp, means for forming sheds in the warp, a shuttle arranged on the lay proper, means for controlling the shuttle, filling-tightening devices pivotally movable in the lay proper in a vertical plane extending parallel with the length of the lay proper and disposed between the shuttle and the filling, and means, connecting each of said devices with a fixed part of the frame, for actuating said devices upon movement of the laystructure, substantially as described.

In a loom, the combination of the frame, a vibrating lay-structure comprising a lay proper, means for advancing the warp, means for forming sheds in the warp, a shuttle arranged on the lay proper, means for controlling the shuttle, filling-tightening devices pivot-ally movable in the lay proper in a vertical plane extending parallel with the length of the lay proper and disposed between the shuttle and the filling, and means for actuating each of said devices comprising a stem having a ball and socket connection with a fixed part of the frame and a stirrup carried by said stem and pivotally connected with an eccentric part of said de vice, substantially as described.

4-. In a loom, the combination of the frame, the vibrating lay-structure, the warpbeam, means, actuated from the lay-structure, for causing the rotary advance of the warp-bean'i, a cloth-beam, a vertically movable weight, means, controiled by the weight, for causing the rotary advance of the cloth beam, and an alarm mechanism comprising an electric circuit having a break therein, a source of energy and an alarm device in said circuit, and a circuit disposed at the break in said circuit and in the path of movement of the weight, substantially as described,

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto set my hand, this 14th day of June, 1910.

JULIUS PRIBORSKY.

Witnesses JOHN W. Srmvann, A. Knrsror. 

